In a 6-3 majority decision written by conservative pin-up centerfold Neil Gorsuch, the supreme court said and I quote:
An employer who fires an individual for being homosexual or transgender fires that person for traits or actions it would not have questioned in members of a different sex.
And therefore, he said, the employer is in violation of the Civil Rights Act and the law.
Practically this means a few things.
Most directly it means that you can't be fired or discriminated against for your sexual orientation or identity. Putting those two gray areas solidly into protected classes. Thus reinforcing the Obama administration interpretation of the statute and rejecting the Trump interpretation.
As a result, a variety of rules that the Trump administration implemented or are in the process of implementing are no longer valid. Such rules include things like the Betsy Devos rule prohibiting transgender people from using the bathroom for the gender that they identify with. Ben Carson's rule allowing homeless shelters the ability to discriminate against transgenders. An HHS decision allowing medical providers to deny treatment to transgender patients. This will also impact ongoing efforts by the Trump administration to prohibit LGBT adoptions.
Personally I'm hoping that under a Biden administration that LGBT people sue religious schools and churches based on their now protected class. I literally can't wait.
This is all thanks to a couple of Justices put forth by the Federalist Society. Which basically creates the list of people Trump is allowed to nominate to the supreme court. I kept hearing from people like CF (and to be fair others) that they don't like Trump or his policies but that they voted and continue to support him because of the supreme court. I'm curious if this type of ruling is what you were looking for Trump to deliver.